How to Structure Essay writing to score High in IELTS PTE

Agenda

1. Understand the Type of the Question.

2. List the Scope

3. List the Idea

4. List out the keywords and vocabulary to use.
5. Develop the Format

6. ProofRead and Enrich.

 

 

 

1. Understand the Type of the Question.

Based on the question demands, identify whether it is
           a. Discussion
           b. Argument

 
    
    For both the type have 2 main ideas.

2. List the Scope
        As given in the question, identify scope of the article by listing 3-4  keywords.

        Whole article has to revolve around these keywords.

3. List the Idea

        a. Idea 1:  For Para1 : Teachers can change the approach of teaching.

        b. Idea 2: For Para2: Motivation, inspiration, discipline

        c. Idea 3: For Comparing

4. List out the keywords and vocabulary to use.

      Refer: http://surenova.blogspot.in/2016/04/top-9-linking-sentences-to-be-used-in.html

5.  Develop the Format

               

6. Proof Reading:

    Spelling, broken links, and vocabulary.

 

Example:

            

 

    Technology has been increasingly used  throughout the world. This is very apparent in classrooms today.It is disagreed that technology will replace the teachers in class room.

    This will be proved by analyzing how teachers can crater to the needs of their students as well as motivate and discipline them.A very important aspect of teaching is ability of the teacher to shape their teaching style to the needs of their students.
As an example, If students in any give class are having trouble understanding a classroom topic, a teacher can rephrase the topic and deliver it in more effective way.

    A computerized teacher would be less in-tune with what students require and thus would be incapable of doing this.
Thus, technology will not replace teachers.Motivation and disciple are key to student’s academic success in class room.
This is very apparent, when teaching children as children require more motivation and discipline to be taught effectively.Technology based teacher simply cannot accomplish this as certain situations demands judgement as to whether the student is acting in appropriate manner.

    After analyzing, it is clear that the teachers will always be needed in the classroom.
Following the analyzation of the teacher’s ability to crater the students as well as their capability of guiding towards success,.
it is clear that technology will never replace teachers and class room
It is expected that , technology will act as a supplement to teachers.

 

210 Words.

Top 9 Linking Sentences to be used in Essays

 

1. “In order to understand X, we need first to understand Y.”
2. “Frogs are amphibians. In other words, they live on the land and in the water.”
3. “Moreover, the results of a recent piece of research provide compelling evidence in support of…”
4. “Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that…”
5. The war caused unprecedented suffering to millions of people, not to mention its impact on the country’s economy.”
6. Scholar A thinks this. However, Scholar B reached a different conclusion
7.The historical evidence appears to suggest a clear-cut situation. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence presents a somewhat less straightforward picture of what happened that day.”
8. We may use this as evidence to support our argument, provided that we bear in mind the limitations of the methods used to obtain it.
9.“In conclusion, the evidence points almost exclusively to Argument A.”

SOLID Principles

Single Responsibility Principle
       There should never be more than one reason for a class to change.

Open Closed Principle
       Module should be open for extension but closed for modification.
      Eg: For existing 10 algorithm, if I have to add 11th algorithm it should allow for extension.

Liskov Substitution Principle
    Functions which uses reference of base class, should be able to use objects of derived class without knowing them.
    Eg: Program generic Interface, and do not refer concrete classes.

Interface Segregation Principle
    Many client interface are better than one generic Interface.

Dependency Inversion Principle
High level modules should not depend on low level modules. Do not depend on many classes, depend on Interfaces or abstractions.
Both should depend on abstractions.
Abstractions should not depend on details.
Details should depend on details.
Program to interface, not to concrete classes.

Fundamentals in OOPS Concepts

Abstraction
   focusing on essential characteristics of an object not all.
Encapsulation
   which hides internal details of object.
Modularity
    dividing cohesive and loosely coupled
  
Hierarchy
    (is a)
   (part of) – Aggregation
                       Containment
Aggregation(diamond)
   Inner objects life-time is not controlled by outer object.
Containment
    Inner objects life-time is controlled by outer object.
Polymorphism ( can be Aggregation
    compile
    runtime
Namespace
    Logical naming and grouping

Inheritance:
    It is white-box reusability. Concrete class can easily override the logic in base class.

Composition:
  It is black-box resuse, when I am using the object, I get access its public property but not its private.

Design Patterns (Brief)

9

CREATIONAL ( Object Creation)

1. Factory Method
      creating an instance of several of derived classes.
2. Abstract Factory
     creating a family of classes.
3. Builder
     Builds the object in parts. (step by step)
4. Singleton
     Only one instance of an object to be created.
5. Prototype
       Fully initialized object need to be copied or cloned.

STRUCTURAL

   1. Adapter
           Eg: different classes having different interface, we need adapter to match the interface of classes
2. Bridge
       When product is sold , support team separating the developing team from customer.
3. Composite
     is mainly involved in tree of Simple and composite (complex) objects.
4. Decorator
       used to add responsibility to the object at runtime dynamically.
5. Proxy
      used when you want an object to represent another object.
6. FlyWeight
     used when a fine grained object to be used efficiently.
7. Facade
   single class is representing sub-system. Abstract the complex structure.

BEHAVIOURAL

     1. Chain of Responsibility
              while passing request to chain of objects.
    2.  Command
              encapsulate the request in object
   3. Interpreter
           includes the language element in the program
  4. Iterator
         used when to take out traversal item in the list.
5. Mediator
     When we want to simplify between two objects.
6. Memento
        when we want to capture and restore (Eg: Undo operation)
7. Visitor
       defines new operation to class without changing the class.
8. Template
     differ exact steps to sub class.
9. Strategy
    to encapsulate an algorithm in a class.
10. State
         to alter object behavior only when its state change.
11. Observer
            to notify the change to other objects, (publish and subscriber).

What is Software Architecture?

* Architecture Is a Set of Software Structures
3 categories of architectural structures:

                                             

Technorati Tags: Software Architecture

1. Modules. ( Module structures are static structures)

2. Component-and-Connector (components are runtime entity).
                                              
3. Allocation Structures  (mapping of Software structures to environments like organizational, developmental, installations and execution)

REST architectural style describes six constraints applied to architecture

 

1. Uniform Interface

 
Individual resources are identified using URLS. The resources (database) are themselves different from the representation (XML, JSON, HTML) sent to the client. The client can manipulate the resource through the representations provided they have the permissions. Each message sent between the client and the server is self-descriptive and includes enough information to describe how it is to be processed. The hypermedia that is hyperlinks and hypertext act as the engine for state transfer.

2. Stateless Interactions

none of the clients context is to be stored on the server side between the request. All of the information necessary to service the request is contained in the URL, query parameters, body or headers.

3. Cacheable

Clients can cache the responses. The responses must define themselves as cacheable or not to
prevent the client from sending the inappropriate data in response to further requests.

4. Client-Server

The clients and the server are separated from each other thus the client is not concerned with the data storage thus the portability of the client code is improved while on the server side the server is not concerned with the client interference thus the server is simpler and easy to scale.

5. Layered System

At any time client cannot tell if it is connected to the end server or to an intermediate. The  intermediate layer helps to enforce the security policies and improve the system scalability by enabling load-balancing

6. Code on Demand

Technorati Tags: Web API

an optional constraint where the server temporarily extends the functionality of a client by the transfer of executable code.